Light is a wave and a particle. It holds the key to quantum computers, which could revolutionize many fields from physics to finance. Quantum computers use qubits (not bits) and can perform calculations much faster than classical computers. Scientists in China achieved quantum supremacy with a machine that manipulates photons (light particles). This is a significant step towards a universal quantum computer.

Quantum computers are in early stages but hold immense potential. They use qubits that can be 0 and 1 at the same time. This allows for solving complex problems that are impossible for classical computers. Challenges include keeping qubits stable. If these challenges are overcome, quantum computing could revolutionize many industries.

Inspired by Richard Feynman, Quantum computers could solve problems impossible for regular computers. Google claims to have achieved "quantum supremacy" with their machine. IBM disputes the claim, saying a classical computer could do it too. Regardless, Google's achievement is a big step towards real-world quantum computing.

This article discusses challenges and potential breakthroughs in quantum computing. The main obstacle is qubit fragility, which causes errors. Researchers are looking into ways to reduce noise and improve coherence time. Other promising areas include hybrid qubit devices, qutrits, and topological superconductivity.